时差N小时:驯鹿的眼睛 Reindeer Eyes
日期:2014-05-21 16:23

(单词翻译:单击)

S;BOh@KI&t70R(4*I,WZA0+rB*p(i

Rudolph the reindeer is best known for his brightly colored rednose.
鲁道夫驯鹿最大的特征就是红彤彤的鼻子zWVNVnFZedTBxlBI&7p
For other reindeer, however, the most colorful thing about them is actually their eyes.
然而,其他驯鹿身上最”出彩”的地方,则是他们的眼睛)VAa9t_j[KO[n
Researchers have found that depending on the season, the eyes of Arctic reindeer change fromgold to blue.
研究人员发现,随着季节的转变,北极地区驯鹿的眼睛会从金色变为蓝色D[y(cZc7pVqPfxtui
Like many mammals, Arctic reindeer have a structure in the eye called the tapetum lucidum, TL forshort.
同许多哺乳动物一样,北极地区驯鹿的眼睛里有一个叫做反光膜的组织,简称TLJbxKP|B[d8e
It sits behind the retina and reflects light back to increase the sensitivity of night vision.
它位于视网膜后,其功能是反射光线,以增强眼睛夜间视物的敏感性vSgU~7B8cSSNX5
TheTL is also responsible for reindeer eye color changes.
驯鹿的眼睛会变色就是因为反光膜GHK+_=3d3~O

u;g[X_Q|-x

6&ShT%X!BW(V-X8&w+


During the Arctic summer, when it's always light outside, reindeer TL is gold—a color that reflectsmore light back through the retina,
北极夏季会出现极昼现象,阳光无时无处不在,此时驯鹿眼中的反光膜呈金色,这种颜色可反射更多透过视网膜的光线,
better enabling reindeer to see in daylight.
使驯鹿在白昼时的视物性更好|l!jy.4(dG!
But when the Arctic winter sets in and darkness reigns, the TL turns blue.
但当北极的冬季来临,出现极夜现像,黑暗笼罩大地时,驯鹿眼中的反光膜会变成蓝色_6Gg6chGv6X
The result of this is lesslight reflecting back out through the retina, making it easier for the animals to see predators in dimconditions.
此时,透过视网膜,反射出去的光会减少,对于动物来说,这样可以使他们在光线不佳的情况下,更容易看见猎物RJaZTs69P-U)|oG
The color change may be caused by shifting pressure in reindeer eyes, which stems from constantpupil dilation.
驯鹿的眼睛会变色可能是驯鹿眼睛受到的压力发生改变所致,压力源自瞳孔不断放大,]MFsUHFJHIlJNeo@
When compressed, the TL reflects shorter wavelengths of blue light which are moreplentiful during Arctic winters.
反光膜在受到压迫时会反射较短波长的蓝光,这种光在北极的冬天到处都是=[R0sxNoT%7x3

tF+QNV&s1hl-LWHSnC@[cq+VHzkBBx*ZJQq)NIVF3=G[_;Ak+~-aHzQ
分享到
重点单词
  • shiftingn. 转移 adj. 不断改换的 动词shift的现在分
  • sensitivityn. 敏感,多愁善感,感受性
  • pressuren. 压力,压强,压迫 v. 施压