(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
Tobacco: What You Don't Know Can Kill You
From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
It is widely known that smoking tobacco can damage the lungs. But many people do not know that it can also cause heart disease and stroke.
That information comes from World Health Organization (WHO) officials in Geneva, Switzerland. The WHO marked May 31 as World No Tobacco Day. The WHO's 2018 campaign focuses on the damage smoking does to the cardiovascular system.
Health experts at the WHO say that cardiovascular diseases (CVD) kill about 18 million people each year. Tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure cause nearly 17% of all heart disease deaths. They add that tobacco use is the second leading cause of cardiovascular disease, after high blood pressure.
Douglas Bettcher is the director for the prevention of non-communicable diseases at the WHO. He says most people know that smoking increases the risk of lung diseases and cancer. However, studies show many of these same people do not know that tobacco use can also cause heart attacks and stroke.
"There are major gaps in the knowledge of cardiovascular disease risks of tobacco use. And in many countries, these knowledge gaps are very substantial. The percentage of adults who do not believe that smoking causes stroke are, for example, in China, as high as 73 percent. For heart attacks, for example, 61 percent of adults in China are not aware that smoking increases the risk."
Knowledge is power.
And, in this case, knowledge can save lives. The WHO project manager of tobacco control is Vinayak Prasad. He says that in some cases, the body can repair the damage caused by tobacco use.
"(If) smokers stop smoking, the risk from cardiovascular diseases actually is gone in 15 years. So, 15 years after quitting, the risk of CVDs is the same as if you have never smoked."
The U.N. health agency says more than 80 percent of tobacco smokers live in developing countries. It adds that the number of smokers in the developing world is increasing.
However, there is good news about smoking and tobacco use in some parts of the world. The WHO reports that tobacco use worldwide fell from 27 percent in 2000 to 20 percent in 2016. And it says the number of smokers has decreased in all areas except for the Middle East and Africa.
Reuters news agency reports that anti-smoking gains are losing ground a little in China, the world's most populous country.
Reuters notes that in 2015, the Chinese government announced a series of measures that were part of the WHO's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. The measures included a tax increase on tobacco products, written health warnings on cigarettes, limits on advertising and banning smoking in some public places.
Thanks to the government's actions, tobacco sales nationwide dropped for the first time since 2000. China's state media reports that in 2016 after officials in Beijing banned smoking in public places, tobacco sales dropped eight percent.
However, a public smoking ban recently failed in another of China's cities.
Hangzhou is a popular city for travelers. It is also home to Alibaba, the large internet business. Smokers in Hangzhou can still light up in some public spaces, such as train and bus stations as well as drinking establishments and karaoke clubs.
Reuters adds that the China National Tobacco Corporation led local opposition to a general, widespread ban on public smoking. The state-operated company is responsible for about seven to 11 percent of China's taxes.
And sales are rising. Reuters also reports that in 2017, China Tobacco sold 0.8 percent more cigarettes than the year before.
Experts at the WHO claim that, what they call, the "global tobacco epidemic" kills more than 7 million people each year. They add that close to 900,000 are non-smokers who die from breathing second-hand smoke.
And that's the Health & Lifestyle report.
I'm Anna Matteo.
重点解析
1.heart disease 心脏病
When John was 17, he died of congenital heart disease.
约翰17岁时死于先天性心脏病。
2.second-hand smoke 二手烟
Second-hand smoke harms everyone who is exposed to it.
二手烟雾对每一个接触者造成伤害。
3.Thanks to 幸亏；由于
Thanks to your help, we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
亏得你们帮忙，我们才提前完成了任务。
4.blood pressure 血压
Prime Minister Pavlov had been taken ill with high blood pressure.
总理帕夫洛夫因患高血压病倒了。
5.Reuters notes that in 2015, the Chinese government announced a series of measures that were part of the WHO's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.
a series of 一系列的
The students have put forward a series of questions.
学生们提出了一系列问题。
A series of technical foul-ups delayed the launch of the new product.
一系列技术问题延误了新产品的上市。
6.It is widely known that smoking tobacco can damage the lungs.
It is widely known 众所周知
It is widely known that he is one of the most popular novelists in china.
众人皆知他是中国最受欢迎的小说家之一。
It is widely known that paper was first made by chinese.
众所周知，纸首先是由中国人发明的。
参考译文
关于吸烟：无形中的致命危害
这里是VOA慢速英语健康生活报道。
众所周知，吸烟会伤肺。但是很多人不知道，吸烟还会引起心脏病和中风。
这些信息由瑞士日内瓦的世界卫生组织（WHO）官员提供。世卫组织将5月31日定为世界无烟日。世卫组织2018年的活动重点是吸烟对心血管系统造成的危害。
世卫组织的健康专家说，每年死于心血管疾病的人数约1800万。在因心脏病发的死亡人数中，因吸烟或吸二手烟导致的死亡人数占17%。他们还补充道，吸烟是仅次于高血压的第二大心脏疾病诱因。
道格拉斯·巴彻（Douglas Bettcher）是世卫组织预防非传染性疾病科主任。他说，多数人都知道吸烟会加大患肺部疾病和癌症的风险。然而，研究表示，这些人中的很多人并不知道吸烟也会引起心脏病和中风。
“在吸烟对患心血管疾病风险的认知方面还存在着巨大差距。在很多国家，这些认知差距十分明显。例如，在中国，认为吸烟不会导致中风的成年人高达73%。此外，中国有61%的成年人不知道吸烟会加大患心脏病的风险。
知识就是力量。
在这种情况下，知识能够挽救生命。世卫组织烟草控制项目经理维纳亚克·普拉萨德（Vinayak Prasad）表示，在某些情况下，人体能够修复吸烟造成的损害。
“（如果）吸烟者戒烟，那么15年后他们患心血管疾病的风险会消失。因此，戒烟15年后，患心血管疾病的风险与不抽烟的人一样。
联合国卫生署表示，超过80%的吸烟者生活在发展中国家。卫生署还表示，发展中国家的吸烟人数还在增加。
然而，在世界的一些地区，也有关于吸烟的正面消息。世卫组织报告称，全球的烟草消耗量从2000年的27%下降至2016年的20%。报告指出，除中东和非洲外，其他地区的吸烟人数均有所下降。
路透社报道称，作为全球首屈一指的人口大国，中国在禁烟方面收效不甚理想。
路透社指出，中国曾在2015年宣布了一系列措施，这些措施是世卫组织《烟草控制框架公约》的一部分。其中包括增加对烟草产品的税收、在包装上注明健康警告、限制烟草广告以及在公共产所禁烟等措施。
因为政府的努力，全国的烟草销售量自2000年以来首次下降。中国官方媒体报道称，2016年，北京明令禁止在公共场所吸烟后，烟草销售额下降了8%。
然而，近期中国的另一座城市的公共禁烟令失败了。
杭州是一座深受游客喜爱的城市。这里也是大型互联网企业阿里巴巴的总部所在地。杭州的吸烟者仍然可以在火车站、汽车站、酒吧以及卡拉OK厅等公共场所吸烟。
路透社补充道，中国烟草总公司带头在当地反对全面禁止公共场合吸烟的禁令。该国营公司负责中国7%到11%的税收。
销售额还在上涨。路透社还报道称，2017年，中国烟草的香烟销量比去年增长了0.8%。
世卫组织的专家在《全球烟草流行报告》中称，全球烟草流行每年造成700多万人死亡。他们还表示，约90万人是死于二手烟的非吸烟者。
以上为健康生活报道的全部内容。
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