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听力文本
Study: Bad Marriage, Bad Health
From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
Traditional wedding vows often include the promise to be by your spouse's side "in sickness and in health, 'til death do you part." Or something similar. Well, if you are in a bad marriage, the death part may come sooner than expected.
A new study finds that a stressful marriage may be unhealthy, especially for men. In fact, for some people it may be as bad as smoking.
But other studies say marriage helps us live longer
This finding seems to be opposite of many other studies that say marriage improves health. For example, one British study found that being married improved a person's chances of surviving a heart attack. The researchers said married people had shorter hospital stays.
And experts at Harvard Medical School write on their website that married people:
live longer
have fewer strokes and heart attacks
have a lower chance of becoming depressed
are less likely to have advanced cancer at the time of diagnosis and more likely to survive cancer for a longer period of time
and survive a major operation more often.
One way to make sense of conflicting findings about marriage is to consider the quality of the relationship. Do the partners support each other, or do they give each other long-term, chronic stress?
To find out how bad a stressful marriage is on health, researchers at two universities in the United States -- the University of Nevada, Reno and the University of Michigan -- teamed up. They followed 373 couples for 16 years.
The researchers wanted to know if often conflicting over certain topics affected a person's health in a negative way. These topics included such things as children, money, in-laws and recreational activities.
They found a conflict-filled relationship harms the body in many ways. People in a stressful relationship can have damaging inflammation, extreme changes in appetite and increased levels of stress hormones. All these conditions can negatively affect many systems -- from heart function to how the body is able to fight diseases.
The researchers also found that a bad marriage was harder on men's health than on women's.
A key to a good marriage is communication
A good marriage is not without arguments, stress and disagreements. What seems to matter most is how a couple speaks to each other. How do they handle their differences? How do they resolve an argument?
One of the lead researchers is Rosie Shrout with the University of Nevada, Reno. In an interview with The Guardian, Shrout says, "Conflict can be particularly damaging for health if spouses are hostile or defensive during disagreements." She adds that arguing about the same topic over and over again without finding a solution can also damage a person's health.
Shrout also spoke with The Guardian about the health benefits of marriage. She said the act of getting married does not make people healthier. Instead, she said, the support married people give each other can help them stay healthier, heal faster, and have better mental well-being.
Tips for keeping your relationship healthy
On the website Women's Health, relationship experts and happy couples give their tips on how to keep a relationship healthy. Here are a few.
Stop keeping score. A healthy relationship is not about winning and losing. In the bigger picture, who made the most money or who emptied the dishwasher last is not important.
Touch more. It does not have to be sexual touching. Simply holding hands can create stronger feelings between people. But now that we're on the subject, relationship experts claim that having sex more does help a couple stay close.
Accept your in-laws. No family is perfect. Experts warn against complaining about your partner's family or trying to change them. Having a sense of humor is often the best approach.
Turn off social media, stop texting, hide your phone and just hang out. Turning off social media and technology gives a couple the space to just be themselves. Playing a game, cooking a meal or taking a walk allows a couple to have simple fun together.
Learn how to fight fairly. Even couples in healthy relationships disagree. A relationship expert suggests that understanding how the other person deals with conflict can help a marriage in a big way. And don't be afraid of losing a fight. Remember the earlier tip about not keeping score.
You can read all 43 tips in this online slide show.
And that's the Health & Lifestyle report.
I'm Anna Matteo.
And I'm Bryan Lynn.
重点解析
1.be afraid of 担心；害怕
Do not be afraid of the loneliness of enlightenment.
不要害怕因造诣深而产生的孤独感。
2.social media 社交媒体
We have all witnessed the power of social media.
我们见证了社交媒体的实力。
3.Turn off 关闭
I hate it when people forget to turn off their pagers at the movies.
我非常讨厌别人在看电影的时候忘了关掉呼机。
4.deals with 处理；应付
He deals with emergencies promptly.
他迅速处理突发事件。
5.A relationship expert suggests that understanding how the other person deals with conflict can help a marriage in a big way.
in a big way 在...很大程度上
By comparison, China has taken to virtual currencies in a big way.
相比之下，中国已经开始大规模使用虚拟货币。
But this film could relight some of their flagging careers in a big way.
但这部电影在很大程度上能重新点燃他们演艺事业的辉煌。
6.One way to make sense of conflicting findings about marriage is to consider the quality of the relationship.
make sense of 搞清楚；弄明白
Both boys are trying to make sense of the world while seeking stability and independence.
两个男孩都在寻求安定和独立的过程中，试着弄懂人世的意义。
Provided you didn't try to make sense of it, it sounded beautiful
只要不非得弄懂它的意思，它听上去还是很美的。
参考译文
研究：婚姻不睦有害身体健康
这里是VOA慢速英语健康生活报道。
传统的结婚誓词通常有“无论是疾病还是健康”都将对配偶不离不弃，生死相依。或者其他类似的誓言。好吧，如果你身处一段不幸的婚姻，那么死神可能比预期要来得早。
一项新研究发现，紧张的婚姻关系可能不利于健康，尤其对男性而言。事实上，对某些人来说，婚姻不幸的有害程度或堪比吸烟。
但其它研究表明，婚姻有助于长寿。
这一发现似乎与认为婚姻改善健康状况的研究相反。例如，英国一项研究发现，结婚能够提高心脏病的存活率。研究人员称，已婚人士的住院时间较短。
而哈佛医学院的专家在其网站写到：已婚人士：
更加长寿
患中风和心脏病的概率较低
患抑郁的概率较低
诊断时为癌症晚期的可能性较小，（即使）患癌，也有可能活的更久
通常更易在大型手术中幸存。
要弄清关于矛盾的婚姻结果，途径之一是考虑婚姻关系的质量。夫妻关系是互相扶持，还是长期给对方制造压力？
美国内华达大学雷诺分校与密歇根大学联合展开了一项研究，旨在探索婚姻压力对健康产生的影响。他们历时16年追踪了373对夫妇的婚姻状况。
研究人员好奇，在某些话题上经常发生冲突是否会对一个人的健康产生负面影响。这些话题包括孩子、金钱、姻亲和娱乐活动等。
他们发现，冲突不断的婚姻关系会对身体造成多方面的伤害。身处紧张婚姻关系中的人，会（面临）患破坏性的炎症、食欲的极端变化、应激激素（压力荷尔蒙）水平上升等风险。所有这些情况都会对身体系统产生负面影响——从心脏功能到人体抵御疾病的能力。
研究人员还发现，糟糕的婚姻对男性的健康影响比女性更为严重。
美满婚姻的关键在于沟通
所谓“美满婚姻”并不代表没有争论、压力和分歧，最重要的是夫妻如何交流，以及如何处理分歧？如何解决争论？
内华达大学雷诺分校的罗西·乔舒亚（Rosie Shrout）是首席研究员之一。乔舒亚接受《卫报》采访时表示：“如果夫妻出现分歧时采取敌对态度或防御姿态，那么冲突对健康的影响尤为严重。”她补充到，再三争论同一个话题，却不找出解决办法也会损害一个人的健康。
乔舒亚还对《卫报》谈到了婚姻对健康的益处。她说：结婚这一行为并不会让人更加健康，而是已婚人士的相互扶持将有助于他们更加健康、更快康复，心理也更加健康。
保持良好婚姻关系的秘诀
在《女性健康》网站上，情感专家和恩爱夫妻就如何保持良好婚姻关系给出几点建议。以下为具体内容。
切忌斤斤计较。良好的关系不在乎输赢。从宏观角度来看，谁赚的钱多或者谁最后清洗锅碗瓢盆都不重要。
经常爱抚对方。不一定是性接触。简单地牵手也能加深双方的感情。不过既然说到这个话题，情感专家称，更多性生活也能让夫妻关系亲密无间。
接受对方亲属。家家有本难念的经。专家告诫道，不要抱怨对方家人或试图改变他们。保持幽默感往往是最有效的方法。
关闭社交软件，别再短信联系，把手机藏起来，然后出门走走。关闭社交媒体和科技产品能为夫妻提供空间，做回自己。玩游戏、烹饪或散步，这能让夫妻享受简单的共处乐趣。
学会如何公平地争论。每一对恩爱的夫妻都免不了拌嘴。一位情感专家建议，了解对方如何处理冲突很大程度上有助于你经营婚姻。不要害怕在争论时落下风。谨记前面提到的不要计较的建议。
点击查看完整的43条建议。
以上为健康生活报道的全部内容。
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