VOA美国人物志(翻译+字幕+讲解):伟大的民权运动领袖—马丁·路德·金(2)
日期:2019-08-24 16:50

(单词翻译:单击)

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听力文本

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People in America, a program in Special English on the Voice of America. Today, Shep O'Neal and Warren Scheer finish the story of civil right's leader Martin Luther King, Junior.
Martin Luther King was born in Atlanta, Georgia, in nineteen twenty-nine. He began his university studies when he was fifteen years old, and received a doctorate degree in religion. He became a preacher at a church in Montgomery, Alabama.
In nineteen fifty-five, a black woman in Montgomery was arrested for sitting in the white part of a city bus. Doctor King became the leader of a protest against the city bus system. It was the first time that black southerners had united against the laws of racial separation.
At first, the white citizens of Montgomery did not believe that the protest would work. They thought most blacks would be afraid to fight against racial separation. But the buses remained empty.
Some whites used tricks to try to end the protest.
They spread false stories about Martin Luther King and other protest leaders. One story accused Martin of stealing money from the civil rights movement. Another story charged that protest leaders rode in cars while other protesters had to walk. But the tricks did not work, and the protest continued.
Doctor King's wife Coretta described how she and her husband felt during the protest. She said: "We never knew what was going to happen next. We felt like actors in a play whose ending we did not know.
Yet we felt a part of history. And we believed we were instruments of the will of God".
The white citizens blamed Doctor King for starting the protest. They thought it would end if he was in prison or dead. Doctor King was arrested twice on false charges. His arrests made national news and he was released. But the threats against his life continued.
The Montgomery bus boycott lasted three hundred eighty-two days. Finally, the United States Supreme Court ruled that racial separation was illegal in the Montgomery bus system. Martin Luther King and his followers had won their struggle. The many months of meetings and protest marches had made victory possible.
They also gave blacks a new feeling of pride and unity. They saw that peaceful protest, Mahatma Gandhi's idea of non-violence, could be used as a tool to win their legal rights.
Life did not return to normal for Doctor King after the protest was over. He had become well known all over the country and throughout the world. He often was asked to speak about his ideas on non-violence. Both black and white Americans soon began to follow his teachings. Groups were formed throughout the south to protest peacefully against racial separation.
The civil rights movement spread so fast that a group of black churchmen formed an organization to guide it. The organization was called the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Martin Luther King became its president.
伟大的民权运动领袖—马丁·路德·金(2).jpg

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In his job, Doctor King helped organize many protests in the southern part of the United States. Blacks demanded to be served in areas where only whites were permitted to eat. And they rode in trains and buses formerly for whites only. These protests became known as "freedom rides. "Many of the freedom rides turned violent. Black activists were beaten and arrested. Some were even killed.
In nineteen sixty-three, the black citizens of Birmingham refused to buy goods from the stores in the city. They demanded more jobs for blacks. And they demanded to send their children to white schools. The white citizens were angry and afraid, but they refused to meet the blacks' demands. The situation became tense. Many protestors were beaten and arrested. Even Doctor King was arrested. But he was not in prison for long.
The Birmingham demonstrations made international news. Whites soon saw that it was easier to meet the demands of the protestors than to fight them. Martin Luther King and his followers had won an important victory in Birmingham. It marked a turning point for the civil rights movement.
Martin Luther King recognized the importance of Birmingham. It did not mean that racial separation had ended. Some still remains today. But he felt that the battle was almost won. And he wanted to call on the nation for its support. So doctor king organized a March on Washington, D. C.
The March on Washington took place in August, nineteen sixty-three. About two hundred fifty thousand persons gathered there. They came to demand more jobs and freedom for black Americans. There were to be many other marches in Washington during the nineteen sixties and early seventies. But this was the biggest up to that time.
It was in Washington that Martin Luther King gave one of his most famous speeches. The speech is known as the "I Have a Dream Speech. "It expressed his ideas for the future. Doctor king said:
Martin Luther King received the Nobel Peace Prize in nineteen sixty-four. But he did not live to see the final results of his life's work. He was shot to death in Memphis, Tennessee, in nineteen sixty-eight.
Doctor King always felt he would die a violent death. His life had been threatened wherever he went. And he often spoke to his wife about his fears. But he never believed that his life was more important than the civil rights movement.

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重点解析

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1.arrested for因...被捕

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A number of local people have been arrested for trying to obstruct lorries loaded with logs
一些当地人因试图阻止满载原木的卡车通行而被逮捕ybQy=i%lF~9d(cI

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2.protest against抗议

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They rioted in protest against the government.
他们发动暴乱,以抗议政府的行为OhB!#(C6kV4nsuq9mx)&

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3.be afraid to害怕

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If your original request is denied, don't be afraid to pursue the matter.
如果你最初的请求遭到拒绝,不要害怕,要继续追问下去E4;LMDg=jRI)g#5

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4.accuse of指责;控告

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I don't think it's fair to accuse me of having an attitude problem.
我觉得指责我有态度问题有失公允%gSGnh!Pj]&P&

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5.refuse to拒绝;没问题

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You were quite within your rights to refuse to co-operate with him.
你完全有权拒绝跟他合作|4OuCaByGr,.%0DIt[

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6.take place发生;举行

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A total solar eclipse is due to take place some time tomorrow.
明天某个时刻会发生日全食yCd#w@LraN_q^y)*iTS

参考译文

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这里是VOA慢速英语栏目《美国人物志》8*6Kn(f~~#。今天,沃伦·舍尔和谢普·奥尼尔继续为您讲述民权运动领袖小马丁·路德·金的故事sr8Ml@2sy;ZtAQ~O
马丁·路德·金于1929年出生于佐治亚州亚特兰大M]DZU&zq~iWAGtI!W。他15岁开始上大学,并获得了宗教博士学位1tM8wy=2.w%BdJ;)。他在阿拉巴马州蒙哥马利市的一所教堂当牧师HA42Ze(8K==v##luy
1955年,蒙哥马利的一名黑人妇女因坐在一辆城市公共汽车的白人区域而被捕Fzv6JN5;&U。金博士成为反对城市公交系统的抗议活动的领导者xX75P=VF&aF&e。这是南方黑人首次联合起来反对种族隔离法律[jy6zzCSDK_-Z|
起初,蒙哥马利的白人市民认为那次抗议没有用fQ[D,tSH[PvK@+Owvc。他们认为大多数黑人会害怕反对种族隔离]gY5a]^rK8。但是黑人还是没有乘坐公交车o[TZimM=pDchtY.7_#
一些黑人使用了诡计,试图结束这次抗议Iy0pMLvy3jRz[]7v
他们散布关于马丁·路德·金和其他抗议领袖的虚假故事LA_3P&_eJj。一篇报道指责马丁从民权运动中偷钱FvRCXKBA8|Ov=。另一篇报道指责说,抗议活动领导人开车,而其他抗议者不得不步行sW+m7n!pbSO+;mGiD@Gu。但这些伎俩没有奏效,抗议仍在继续IP=)6a^g^Vvq
金博士的妻子科雷塔描述了她和丈夫在那次抗议中的感受OKTnL-64B0p。她说:“我们从不知道接下来会发生什么E^zZf(Y9Cd%3。我们感觉就像是不知道结局的戏剧演员zNSXE%lzMVen0
但是我们感觉是历史的一部分N9%qOS-K.xEPyZ。我们相信我们是上帝意志的工具lOgXm@VBI9R^,R3U5q]n
白人市民责怪金博士开始了抗议q)n+X%IiRlk~E]n。他们认为如果马丁进监狱或者死去的话,抗议就会结束-NO^7ouyrkRcK=yl2。金博士曾两次因虚假指控被捕#2K*,_*59tYB。他的被捕成为全国新闻,他被释放了z!UzB;g3_YQbL。但对他生命的威胁仍在继续b%kqaF|FWxa
蒙哥马利公共汽车抵制活动持续了382天CYR(Q%3)FI@1;ixmeAUg。最终,美国最高法院判决,蒙哥马利公交系统中的种族隔离是非法的S2!kRr,x7r=。马丁·路德·金和他的追随者赢得了他们的斗争GYX4h6W(YU%。几个月的会议和抗议游行使胜利成为可能5)mb3uvB)d@JLo%X-1F|
它们也给了黑人一种新的自豪和团结的感觉nS.#dS);Kw。他们知道了和平抗议、圣雄的非暴力行动思想可以用作争取他们合法权利的工具lq,5G2Tm;rVn&G
抗议结束后,金博士的生活并没有恢复正常gHTra(CtOw.4。他在全国和全世界都很有名suihl@I!RMEPce~;8h*。他经常被要求谈谈他对非暴力的看法0[59=1-^Ji2O。不久,美国黑人和白人都开始接受他的教导K998r,vuLRp。在南方的各个地方,人们创建组织来和平抗议种族隔离y0xe9Y#LicQl
民权运功蔓延地非常快,一群黑人教士创建了一个组织来指导民权运动_qzMV,WcoME。该组织名为南方基督教领袖联盟lnZ;u+%!^T。马丁·路德·金成为了其第一任主席Br-Aq3!|OhK
担任组织主席的金博士帮助阻止了很多美国南方的抗议^9fUSC,&9lc3pn#|2&c。黑人要求在只允许白人就餐的地方用餐6Fn=#1#t!e%uVa!@dRsa。而且他们乘坐以前只有白人乘坐的火车和汽车W-NUy9G+3DfnGp_r。这些抗议后来被称为“自由乘车”运动q-zI954OG[kqI。很多的自由乘车运动演变成了暴力活动%q(2Ti~,sd。黑人激进分子遭到殴打和逮捕b|2l(S4io,zjZUmE。有些甚至被杀3tf2[QB,AI
1963年,伯明翰的黑人市民拒绝购买市内商店的物品B0=UBC8c,ElQkpz。他们要求黑人有更多的工作_EZ3wf3W|0dFsPQX~a-。他们要求让自己的孩子去上白人学校+Zh#7O[2X&CkQ。白人市民既愤怒又害怕,但是但是他们拒绝满足黑人的要求K@u]2qI~n7czc#。情况变得紧张起来qQ0Ckn#R^~7^I。很多抗议者遭到殴打和逮捕SXnfSA[y,6doKIMeXhOA。甚至金博士也被逮捕了e;LF&=R^@_K1。但是他没有在监狱待很长时间d|*owYBHTxL)sdrj
伯明翰的示威游行成为了国际新闻T5px^7y(gH。白人很快发现,满足抗议者的要求比与他们抗争要容易得多|K.o3a&Yh(。马丁·路德·金和他的追随者在伯明翰赢得了一场重要的胜利IRX4OG1l!GG9k。它标志着民权运动的一个重要转折点8A(B;ZakFbP[)uZS
马丁·路德·金认识到伯明翰的重要性^uHldxx,[_e。这并不意味着种族隔离已经结束qJf+rkRAr![。有一些到今天还存在X=#kECKeb;Y=z7。但是他感觉斗争几乎都要胜利了!vt6C)=ihjvy,x)BK%p。他想要呼吁获得全国的支持kGfqga_ZNNInFWFoGhn。所以金博士在华盛顿组织了一场游行oxRY)vAb[kziZ5
华盛顿大游行发生在1963年8月&WAC6|Y=LRNw1。大约有25万人聚集在那里9O@_-bQo-TM。他们来为美国黑人争取更多的工作和自由SU2I.KGRKGjSbIf。在20世纪60年代和70年代初,华盛顿还举行了许多其他的游行MWs|J8feQMd。但这是当时最大的一次3+4bC8xpCMvrV
马丁·路德·金是在华盛顿发表了他最著名的演讲之一&lzZ9o|%IY)6%Scvx。该演讲就是“我有一个梦想”-TiV(qQT=r。它表达了他对未来的希望H)5zhFd^^#U#.P4xn(K。金博士说:马丁·路德·金于1964年获得诺贝尔和平奖ncOzS#V=ac[9u(P。但是他没有活着见到他毕生努力的最终结果)HFv(;2xfWSoz;*F)。1968年,他在田纳西州孟菲斯被枪杀HA*4jN98BKzk[jF
金博士总觉得他会死得很惨Tu-99QVlXo*yKUGaxNDa。无论他走到哪里,他的生命都受到了威胁-]4AvTv2#mGX).R=。他经常和妻子谈论他的恐惧@Vg@V;Zj)rt#ju1mZMu。但他从不认为自己的生命比民权运动更重要Cy(6mi(Hw#cs

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译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!

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