VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):住院患者最危险的时刻并不在手术室中
日期:2019-08-22 15:51

(单词翻译:单击)

听力文本

Riskiest Time for Hospital Patients is Not in Operating Room
A new study suggests that the deadliest time for many hospital patients is not when they are in the operating room. Instead, it is the period when patients are recovering in the hospital and after they go home.
Researchers examined medical records of more than 40,000 patients, aged 45 years and older. The records came from 28 hospitals in 14 countries. Doctors had performed surgery on each patient, but none of the operations was related to the heart.
The researchers looked for patients with health problems or death within 30 days of surgery.
A total of five people died during the operation. That represents less than 1% of all patients. Another 500 patients, or 70%, died in the hospital. And 210 deaths, or 29%, did not happen until after patients were sent home.
Nearly half of all the deaths were linked to one of three problems: major bleeding, heart damage and blood infections.
P.J. Devereaux is with McMaster University in Canada and was the lead writer of a report on the study. The report was published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal.
Devereaux wrote that the research shows very few deaths happen in the operating room. He added that "there is a need to focus on post-operative care and transitional care into the home setting to improve outcomes." His comments were part of an email sent to the Reuters news agency.

手术.jpg
Worldwide, 100 million patients age 45 and older have surgeries unrelated to heart-related issues every year.
The researchers noted that technological and medical improvements have made such surgeries safer and less invasive in recent years. However, patients are also coming to the hospital sicker and being sent home with complex care needs.
In the study, about half of the patients had high blood pressure. One in five had the disease diabetes, while 13% had heart disease.
More than one-third of them came in only for low-risk treatments that were not emergency operations.
Patients who experienced major bleeding after surgery were more than two times as likely to die within 30 days as people who did not have this complication. In addition, patients who developed heart injuries were also more than twice as likely to die.
The study was not a controlled experiment designed to identify which if any complications actually caused any deaths.
Barnaby Charles Reeves is with the University of Bristol in Britain. He told Reuters in an email that inflammation might be a common link to the health problems that were most responsible for deaths. He noted that, "Surgery causes a body-wide inflammatory reaction. This can lead to single or multi-organ failure which leads to death."
P.J. Devereaux said that patients might also not recognize that something is wrong when they begin to stop taking pain medication after surgery.
The researchers called for more research into improved methods for observing the condition of hospital patients after surgery. They said these methods can help identify ways to lower the risk of death following an operation.
I'm Jonathan Evans.

重点解析

重点讲解:
1. come from 始于;产自;来自;
This poem comes from his new book.
这首诗出自他的新书。
2. look for 寻找;寻求;
Are you still looking for a job?
你还在找工作吗?
3. a total of 总数;总额;合计;总计;
Out of a total of 15 games, they only won 2.
在总共15场比赛中,他们只胜了2场。
4. in addition 另外;加之;除…之外;
You need money and time; in addition, you need diligence.
你需要钱和时间,此外还需要努力。

参考译文

住院患者最危险的时刻并不在手术室中
一项新研究表明,对大多数住院患者来说,最致命的时刻并不是在手术室中的时间。相反,最致命的时刻是患者住院和出院后的康复期。
研究人员查看了4万余名年龄在45岁及以上患者的医疗记录。这些记录涵盖14个国家的28所医院。医生对每名患者都进行了手术,但所有手术都与心脏无关。
研究人员查找了在手术后30天内出现健康问题或死亡的患者。
共有5人在手术期间死亡。这在所有患者的占比不到1%。还有500名患者在住院期间死亡,这一数字的占比为70%。其余210名患者在出院回家后死亡,占比为29%。
近半数死亡案例与大出血、心脏损伤和血液感染这三个问题的其中之一有关。
P.J. 德弗罗在加拿大麦克马斯特大学工作,他也是这项研究报告的首席作者。这份报告发表在《加拿大医学协会期刊》上。
德弗罗写道,研究表明很少有患者在手术室死亡。他补充说,“有必要关注术后护理以及过渡到家庭环境的护理,以改善结果。”上述评论是他发给路透社的邮件中的部分内容。
全球每年有1亿名45岁以上(含45岁)患者接受与心脏疾病无关的手术。
研究人员指出,近年来,技术进步和医疗水平的提高使这类手术更加安全、创伤更少。然而,患者入院时的病情更加严重,出院回家后的护理需求也很复杂。
在这项研究中,约一半患者患有高血压。五分之一的患者患有糖尿病,13%的患者有心脏疾病。
超过三分之一的患者入院只是为了进行低风险治疗,并不是为了紧急手术。
在术后30天内死亡的风险方面,手术后出现大出血的患者比未出现这一并发症的患者高出两倍。另外,出现心脏损伤的患者的死亡风险也要高出两倍。
这项研究并非旨在确定哪些并发症会导致死亡的对照实验。
巴纳比·查尔斯·里弗斯任职于英国布里斯托大学。他在电邮中对路透社表示,炎症可能与导致死亡的主要健康问题存在关联。他指出,“手术会引发全身炎症反应。这可能导致单个或多个器官衰竭,从而导致死亡。”
P.J. 德弗罗表示,患者可能也没有意识到他们在术后停止服用止疼药时出现了问题。
研究人员呼吁对术后住院患者病情监测的改进方法开展更多研究。他们表示,这些方法可以帮助确定降低术后死亡风险的方式。
乔纳森·埃文斯报道。

译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!

分享到
重点单词
  • bleedingn. 出血;渗色 adj. 流血的;同情的 v. 出血;
  • associationn. 联合,结合,交往,协会,社团,联想
  • relatedadj. 相关的,有亲属关系的
  • complicationn. 复杂,并发症,纠纷
  • pressuren. 压力,压强,压迫 v. 施压
  • invasiveadj. 侵略性的;攻击性的
  • recognizevt. 认出,认可,承认,意识到,表示感激
  • surgeryn. 外科,外科手术,诊所
  • identifyvt. 识别,认明,鉴定 vi. 认同,感同身受
  • inflammationn. 发炎,红肿,炎症