(单词翻译:单击)
听力文本
China Plans More Coal-Powered Energy
Many world leaders are gathering in Madrid, Spain to discuss how to reduce the world's temperatures. As they meet, China is expected to receive a lot of attention. China is the largest producer of carbon gases linked to rising temperatures.
Development and Energy Mix
China burns about half the coal used in the world each year. Coal is a fossil fuel that releases carbon dioxide and other gases when it is burned.
Between 2000 and 2018, China's yearly carbon gas emissions increased by nearly two hundred percent. China now releases about 30 percent of the world's total.
However, China is also the leading market for solar energy devices, wind turbines and electric vehicles. It builds about two-thirds of the world's solar cells, which create electricity from sunlight.
Kevin Tu is with the Center on Global Energy Policy at Columbia University and works in Beijing. "We are witnessing many contradictions in China's energy development," he said. "It's the largest coal market and the largest clean energy market in the world."
But China's government notes that the country's yearly economic growth has slowed to about six percent. That is China's lowest level of growth in 25 years. Chinese officials are increasing their support for coal and other heavy industries. That is because those industries are important parts of China's energy system and economy. At the same time, the country is reducing subsidies for renewable energy.
Recent media reports and satellite pictures suggest that China is building or planning to complete new coal power centers with a total electricity production of 148 gigawatts. That number is nearly equal to all the electricity produced by coal in the European Union. That estimate comes from Global Energy Monitor, a nonprofit organization based in San Francisco.
Separately, investment in China's renewable energy industries dropped almost 40 percent in the first half of 2019 compared with the same period last year. That information comes from Bloomberg New Energy Finance, a research organization.
Last week in Beijing, China's vice minister of ecology and environment, Zhao Yingmin, spoke to reporters. He said energy resources that are not based on carbon already make up 14.3 percent of the country's electricity production. He did not say if China would promise to lower its emissions targets anytime soon.
"We are still faced with challenges of developing our economy, improving people's livelihoods," he said.
China and the Environment: Difficult Issues
Critics say China is the world's biggest producer of gases linked to climate change. Supporters say China is the biggest producer of clean energy equipment. However, both claims are somewhat misleading.
"China has a really mixed record. On the one hand, it's seen rapidly rising emissions over the past two decades," notes Jonas Nahm, an energy expert at Johns Hopkins University. "On the other hand, it's shown it's able to innovate around manufacturing — and make new energy technologies available at scale, faster and cheaper," he said.
Bloomberg New Energy Finance says China's manufacturing helped bring down the cost of solar panels by 80 percent between 2008 and 2013. Prices for wind turbines and lithium-ion batteries also dropped sharply because of Chinese manufacturers.
"If we have any chance to meet climate targets, we have to do a lot by 2030 — and we won't be able to do it without China's clean-energy supply chain," Nahm said.
I'm Mario Ritter, Jr.
重点解析
1.energy resources 能源资源
The South China Sea is a region rich in energy resources.
中国南海是一个能源资源丰富的地区。
2.growth rate 增长率
Their work includes the identification of genes which govern the growth rate and fertility
他们的工作包括找出那些控制生长率和繁殖能力的基因。
3.anytime soon 很快；近期
Are you planning on coming to talk to me anytime soon?
你打算什么时候来和我聊聊吗？
4.supply chain 供应链
We always balance the two in supply chain management.
我们一直都在供应链管理中平衡这两者。
5."On the other hand, it's shown it's able to innovate around manufacturing.
On the other hand 另一方面
On the one hand, they wanted very much to visit their squad leader in hospital; on the other hand, they didn't want to disturb his rest.
他们一方面很想去医院看望班长，一方面又怕影响他休息。
The moderates, on the other hand, have left an ambiguous and, in the end, harmful legacy.
而温和派们则始终态度含糊，最终，遗患无穷。
6.At the same time, the country is reducing subsidies for renewable energy.
At the same time 同时
It's impossible to get everybody together at the same time.
让所有人同时聚在一起是不可能的。
We can't hold the two meetings at the same time; we must stagger them.
这两个会不能同时开，得错一下。
参考译文
中国计划开发更多的煤炭资源
许多国家领导人将齐聚西班牙马德里讨论如何降低全球气温。当这些领导人会面时，中国将会受到广泛关注。中国是最大的碳气体排放国，这类气体与气温上升有关。
发展与能源结合
中国每年消耗的煤炭量约占全球一半。煤炭是一种化石燃料，燃烧时会释放出二氧化碳和其它气体。
在2000年到2018年期间，中国每年的碳排放量增长了近200%。中国目前的碳排放量约占到全球总量的30%。
然而，中国也是太阳能设备、风力涡轮机和电动汽车的主要市场。全球约三分之二的太阳能电池都是由中国制造的，这些电池通过太阳光发电。
涂凯文（音译）就职于哥伦比亚大学全球能源政策研究中心，现在在北京工作。他表示：“我们看到中国能源发展中的很多矛盾。该国是全球最大的煤炭市场和最大的清洁能源市场。”
但是中国政府指出，该国经济年增长率已放缓至6%。这是中国25年以来的最低增长水平。中国官员正在加大对煤炭和其它重工业的支持力度。那是因为这些行业是中国能源体系和经济的重要组成部分。同时该国正在减少对可再生能源的补贴。
最近的媒体报道和卫星图片显示，中国正在建设或计划建成新的总发电量为148吉瓦的煤电厂。这一数字几乎等同于欧盟所有的煤炭发电量。这一估算来自于总部位于旧金山的非营利组织——全球能源监测。
另外，2019年上半年中国对可再生能源行业的投资较去年同期下降了近40%。该信息来自于研究机构彭博新能源财经。
上周，中国生态与环境部副部长赵英民在北京接受了记者采访。他说，非化石能源已占中国电力生产的14.3%。他没有透露中国近期是否会承诺降低其排放目标。
他说：“我们仍然面临着发展经济、改善民生的挑战。”
中国与环境的难题
批评人士表示，中国是全球最大的温室气体排放国。支持者表示，中国是最大的清洁能源设备生产国。然而，这两种说法均有一定的误导性。
约翰霍普金斯大学的能源专家乔纳森·纳姆（Jonas Nahm）指出：“中国的数据确实毁誉参半。一方面，中国在过去20年里的碳排放量迅速上升。而另一方面，中国证明其有能力在制造领域进行创新，且可以大规模、更快捷、更廉价地发展新能源技术。”
彭博新能源财经表示，从2008年到2013年期间，中国的制造业帮助将太阳能电池板的成本降低了80%。由于中国制造商的影响，风力涡轮机和锂离子电池的价格也大幅下跌。
纳姆指出：“如果我们有机会实现气候目标，我们必须在2030年前做很多工作。如果没有中国的清洁能源供应链，我们无法实现这一点。”
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