VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):普通的心情不好还是抑郁?
日期:2020-01-28 15:53

(单词翻译:单击)

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Normal Bad Mood or Depression?
From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report.
The transition from childhood to the teenage years can be a difficult time. Hormones in the body can affect a young person's emotions and moods.
As children grow they usually want to pull away from parents and develop their own personality. So, they may talk or act differently as a teenager.
For example, a 15-year-old who used to have a friendly personality can turn irritable. A 16-year-old who once enjoyed spending time with her family may choose to stay in her room alone.
While these changes in behavior and personality can be difficult, they are for the most part a normal part of the teenage years.
But when is it not normal? When is a change in personality a sign of depression or other mental health issues?
Many parents may not know the difference. A recent poll shows that many Americans do not recognize signs of depression in their preteen and teenage children.
The C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health involved 819 adults in the United States. These men and women had at least one child in middle school, junior high or high school.
Researchers asked these parents about their roles and the roles of schools in recognizing youth depression.
The Mott Poll is a project of the Susan B. Meister Child Health Evaluation and Research Center at the University of Michigan.
In a story on the poll, the Reuters news agency reports that a majority of parents were sure "they would recognize depression in their preteen or teenager." However, two-thirds of parents admitted they had issues identifying "signs and symptoms of this mental health disorder."
Sarah Clark is a co-director of the study. She notes these transitions can make it "challenging to understand a child's emotional state" and "whether there is possible depression."
Clark adds that "in many families, the preteen and teen years" bring major changes. These changes happen both in youth behavior and the ways in which parents and children interact.

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Suicide rates
Some questions in the survey asked the parents about suicide.
One in four said their child knows a peer or classmate with depression. One in 10 reported their child knows a peer or classmate who died by suicide.
In the United States, youth suicide rates continue to rise. Among people ages 10 to 24 years old, the suicide rate increased 56% between 2007 and 2017. These numbers come from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
What can you do to help?
If you think a young person is depressed and is thinking of suicide, what can you do? The CDC offers the following suggestions:
Ask
If you are worried about someone, ask them directly, "Are you thinking about suicide?" However, mental health experts warn that you should not promise to keep their thoughts of suicide a secret.
Listen
After you ask this question, make sure to listen carefully to the young person. Stay with them and listen to what they need.
Be there
Follow up on the person's condition. Continue to check on them to see how they are doing. If you do not live with them, you could physically visit them often as well as call them. Let them know you are there for them and they are not alone.
Keep them safe
Take away anything that the person could use to cause self-harm. This could include anything from medications to weapons. Health experts at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health note that this is an important way to prevent suicide.
Find help
People who are suicidal need professional help. But they are often unable or unwilling to find it themselves. So, find a mental health expert or organization that can help them. Many have telephone hotlines for people seeking help.
And that is the Health & Lifestyle report.
I'm Anna Matteo.

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重点解析

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重点讲解:
1. pull away from 远离;疏远;
He'd pulled away from her as if she had leprosy.
他离她远远的,好像她得了麻风病似的[h8iabmN-fWi9
2. used to do sth. 过去常常;过去曾;
We used to go sailing on the lake in summer.
从前的夏天,我们经常泛舟湖上jKZz3*i4y]Q+
3. for the most part 大部分;多半;通常;
They make common cause for a few purposes, but for the most part, they pursue their own interests.
他们因为几个目的而联手,可是多数情况下,他们追逐着各自的利益.4Un+_uc3GyQ
4. be unwilling to do sth. 不愿意的;不情愿的;不乐意的;
Students are unwilling to really work. They want to be spoon-fed.
学生们不愿真正去努力OtTWJ+notpbMtJ。他们希望依赖别人1DT1GtnAmSMof2=

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参考译文

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普通的心情不好还是抑郁?
这里是VOA慢速英语健康生活报道Pops*iPcM=oeo(Rp
童年到青少年的过渡可能是一段艰难时期rp*VNn;l[mB]h。体内的激素会影响年轻人的情绪和心情GFw)tPEFhz
随着孩子逐渐长大,他们通常想远离父母,发展自已的个性vYR44.vt&7|a5i1qT]。因此,他们在青少年时期可能会有不同的言行方式~y4dnx@!_.hWv=u
举例来说,一个以前性格友好的15岁青少年可能会变得易怒.t%sf[oq=Gqlgi。一名曾经喜欢和家人共度时光的16岁少女现在可能会选择独自待在房间里|Q*0-k_Wd_+)o)jX(M
虽然这些行为和性格上的改变可能很难,但它们在很大程度上是青少年时期的正常现象g@yF9t3zPiRzfnn
但何时是不正常情况?什么时候性格的改变是抑郁或其他心理健康问题的征兆?
许多家长可能不知道区别在哪里iHh-Va*LyX^cL。最近的一项民调显示,许多美国人不承认自已未成年和十几岁的孩子有抑郁迹象T@g9npCpY9IvHX
C.S.莫特儿童医院全国儿童健康调查涵盖了819名美国成年人%3]sk^5vTP#wA=,(P。这些男性和女性至少有一个孩子在上中学,包括初中和高中6Y4ugt0p]F&PeRR71_
研究人员询问这些家长他们以及学校在识别青少年抑郁症方面所发挥的作用5nMU8,a3;,SX5w!yNaI_
莫特民调是密歇根大学Susan B. Meister儿童健康评估和研究中心开展的项目4ZRixppxhh
路透社就这项民调进行的报道指出,大多数家长确定“他们能发现自已未成年或十几岁孩子的抑郁症”F%cM#mP~lnDqUkY。然而,三分之二的家长承认,他们在识别“这种心理健康障碍的迹象和症状”方面存在问题umgwq|5Itt*!K
萨拉·克拉克是这项研究的联合主管j7)wSSToy=。她指出,这些转变使家长“难以理解孩子的情绪状态”和“他们是否可能存在抑郁”]lmc.JHm~-NW,b6r
克拉克补充说,“在许多家庭中,青少年时期”带来了重大变化&_57,-CRMb=27H+s#6st。这些改变既发生在青少年的行为上,也发生在家长与孩子的互动方式上O0Gh^Et]&sYYx%Wr
自杀率
这项调查询问了家长一些有关自杀的问题u+zp=G*((R+g1
四分之一的家长表示,他们的孩子认识患有抑郁症的同龄人或同学^a43|Iw*uZM9cw^。十分之一的家长说他们的孩子认识自杀身亡的同龄人或同学Tfx0FsPsgD1aT2Q
美国年轻人的自杀率持续攀升bUH9i+=NSHV^-Ho。10到24岁人群的自杀率在2007年至2017年增长了56%WWXi5sLl^LwEM4.X。这些数据来自美国疾病控制与预防中心(简称CDC)G&|A!J9pl+k@i(F-MX
你能提供什么帮助?
如果你认为一个年轻人情绪低落,正在考虑自杀,你能做什么?美国疾控与预防中心提供了下列建议:
询问
如果你担心某人,那就直接问他们:“你在考虑自杀吗?”然而,心理健康专家警告说,你不应该承诺对他们的自杀想法保密-ol~[SlCVkgz~3vh%-pa
倾听
在你问完这个问题后,一定要仔细聆听这名年轻人的话ju,CjDx^gw~F。和他们待在一起,听听他们需要什么Hwq@(346B%9&2_!r4
保持联系
追踪这个人的情况Kx-3RxzDO&kaF!G&Kv(N。持续查看他们在做什么pxJbzC_~F)r+%t。如果你不和他们生活在一起,那你可以时常亲自拜访他们,也可以给他们打电话i#4*Qn;b6E;P[&ir。让他们知道你和他们在一起,他们并不孤单Q]n6tf&(6d!
确保他们的安全
拿走任何可能用来自残的东西Hs8qw-;U_0Zx8uo+NQ5。这可能包括从药物到武器的任何东西Hrq[HcZNqHC*。哈佛大学陈曾熙公共卫生学院指出,这是防止自杀的重要方法KemFb|xlW^s80mVZq=n
寻求帮助
有自杀倾向的人需要专业帮助megz+%ZBmMr*~Os]L。但他们往往不能或不愿意自己寻求帮助cnLFuV!7B92Y!o_,X&。因此,你可以找心理健康专家或组织来帮助他们Co65Q_%klW&2)0NvEp。有很多求助热线为人们提供帮助K~kMF3[y1Nk
以上是健康生活报道6J*af~=A2Sm4IvQ+[|
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译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!

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