VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):木星卫星本卫二上的海洋有可能支持生命
日期:2020-07-09 15:25

(单词翻译:单击)

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听力文本

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Ocean on Jupiter’s Moon Europa May Have Supported Life
New research from the United States space agency, NASA, suggests that the ocean under the surface of Jupiter's moon Europa may have been able to support life.
Researchers found that the ocean could have been formed when some minerals broke down and released water.
Europa is a little smaller than Earth's moon, but still one of the largest moons in our solar system. Observations of Europa by NASA spacecraft have shown that an ocean exists there beneath a thick layer of ice. Scientists estimate Europa's ocean to be 65 to 160 kilometers deep. It may contain twice the water of Earth's oceans.
The new findings came from ocean models of Europa created by NASA. The results were reported in a study presented at a recent conference of Goldschmidt, a geoscience research organization.
Mohit Melwani Daswani is a planetary scientist with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. He led the study.
Daswani told the Reuters news agency his team believes Europa's ocean "may have been habitable early when it formed." This is because the research suggests the water had a low level of acid and contained carbon dioxide.

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新模型显示木卫二上的海洋有可能支持生命.jpg
Daswani said the study suggests it may have been possible for some microorganisms to use carbon dioxide in the ocean for energy to survive. Some bacteria on Earth receive life-giving energy from carbon dioxide.
"The availability of liquid water is the first step to habitability," Daswani said. "In addition, chemical exchange between the ocean and the rocky interior may have been significant in the past, so potential life may have been able to use chemical energy to survive," he added.
In other words, Daswani said, the makeup of Europa's ocean may have been very similar to oceans on Earth. "We believe that this ocean could be quite habitable for life."
The new study examined whether Europa was habitable in the past, but did not look at its present ability to support life. Daswani said that is a question researchers are now exploring.
He added, however, just because a planet or moon is believed to be habitable does not mean that life is actually present. "Just that the conditions could allow for the survival of some extremely hardy forms of life that we know of on Earth," he noted.
The researchers believe Europa offers one of the best chances of finding life in our solar system. In the future, however, they say they will seek to create models to study other moons. These could include Europa's neighbor, Ganymede — the largest moon in our solar system — and Saturn's moon, Titan.
I'm Bryan Lynn.

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重点解析

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重点讲解:
1. break down (使)(物质)分解;
Some washing powders break down proteins by chemical action.
有些洗衣粉能通过化学作用分解蛋白质Q(JqNaHg=Fg+!
2. in other words 换言之;换句话说;也就是说;
A common saying goes, "Knit the brows and you will hit upon a stratagem." In other words, much thinking yields wisdom.
俗话说:“眉头一皱,计上心来”bOfC@%G|eZ#pf。就是说多想出智慧=~cMOV+h&Ay!=OVX;*
3. be similar to 相像的;相仿的;类似的;
The accident was similar to one that happened in 1973.
这次事故和1973年发生的那起事故很相似dpa;^8cL[B~Uw
4. seek to do sth. 力图;想方设法;
Each member of OPEC would seek to maximize its own production.
石油输出国组织的每个成员国都寻求最大限度地提高本国石油产量*.bJ_tvs!dow)2u

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参考译文

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木星卫星本卫二上的海洋有可能支持生命
美国国家航空航天局(简称NASA)的最新研究表明,木星卫星木卫二表面下的海洋有可能支持生命tH2EF*LRyB0fcGW.F
研究人员发现,这一海洋可能是在一些矿物分解并释放出水时形成的Jxh-~.96v;7~TAnV-@I
木卫二略小于地球的卫星,但仍是太阳系中最大的卫星之一A;;Jca6)aLXT.-O。NASA宇宙飞船对木卫二的观测表明,其厚厚的冰层下存在一片海洋-W%pU]6ust6nbO#LL!。科学家估计,木卫二的海洋可能有65-160公里深Y]hO3@rV!mq。其中的水能是地球海洋的两倍g3sGXjM8M=c)8!S
这一最新发现来自NASA创建的木卫二海洋模型sA%8s2Vu%47Lpw0Gz。研究结果在地球科学研究组织戈尔德施密特近期举行的会议上发表4cVPjnLwcTd^sGl
莫希特·梅尔瓦尼·达斯瓦尼是位于加州的NASA喷气推进实验室的行星科学家NNep;,s5KSA。他领导了这项研究f)bi2&(laARm0%8Cq
达斯瓦尼对路透社表示,他的小组认为,木卫二上的海洋“可能在形成之初就适宜居住”P-|#k-@N.tmz4。这是因为研究表明,水的酸性物质含量很低,而且含有二氧化碳pfUr2JMc.ky05GL
达斯瓦尼表示,这项研究表明,一些微生物有可能将海洋中的二氧化碳用作生存下去的能量)gq&1K!#d~dzfh。地球上的一些细菌从二氧化碳中获得赋予生命的能量FwM&ybzKaT,kYF^0u3A
达斯瓦尼说:“液态水的供应是实现可居住性的第一步41,*eY1O-hGA。”他补充说,“此外,海洋和岩石内部的化学交换在以前可能很重要,因此潜在的生命也许能利用化学能量生存9n3jWMuwLOa7AkBC。”
达斯瓦尼表示,换句话说,木卫二海洋的构成可能与地球海洋的构成非常相似SGVRt[vuEqL1~f95h。“我们认为这片海洋可能相当适合生命居住~#WduqoB~I_jj。”
这项新研究考察了木卫二以前是否适宜居住,但并未研究其目前支持生命的能力Z=h0^NDp-5qVkzZB。达斯瓦尼说,这是研究人员目前正在探索的问题GlDTP#;7KG.#~KJV!S
然而,他补充说,行星或卫星被认为适宜居住并不意味着生命真的存在vb&pgd2AM~_tmd*。他指出,“只是这些条件可能允许我们知道的地球上一些极其顽强的生命体存活#R+)hA)2gzK_gjzMul_L。”
研究人员认为木卫二提供了在太阳系寻找生命的绝佳机会之一+33T-v|8j][[^~。然而,他们表示,未来他们将寻求建立模型来研究其他卫星lP9B5Ttl_@(。这可能包括木卫二的邻居、太阳系中最大的卫星木卫三以及土星的卫星土卫六5~(DU[Fu^]q_a
布莱恩·林恩报道#24J9ofhZk[0

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译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!

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