VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):美国将瑞士和越南列为汇率操纵国
日期:2020-12-22 17:33

(单词翻译:单击)

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听力文本

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US Names Switzerland, Vietnam Currency Manipulators

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The United States Treasury has officially identified Switzerland and Vietnam as currency manipulators.

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A country's attempt to manipulate the value of its currency involves the central bank buying a lot if its own money. This creates scarcity, which pushes the value of the money up.

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The U.S. Treasury move may be one of the final strikes against international trading partners by the departing administration of U.S. President Donald Trump.

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Officials said Switzerland and Vietnam were named because both had intervened in currency markets through June 2020 to prevent effective balance of payments adjustments.

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A balance of payment is the difference between how much a country pays to other nations and how much it gets paid by other nations.

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In its currency manipulation report, the Treasury said Vietnam had acted to get "unfair competitive advantage in international trade as well."

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Foreign currency experts had expected the two countries to be named in the report.

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The actions come as the worldwide coronavirus pandemic continues to slow international trade and increases U.S. deficits with trading partners. This angers Trump, who won office four years ago partly on a promise to decrease the deficit.

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To be named a manipulator, each country must have a $20 billion or more trade surplus with the United States. It also must have a currency intervention that is greater than 2 percent of its gross domestic product (GDP) and a worldwide account surplus that is also greater than 2 percent of GDP.

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The U.S. Treasury also added Thailand and India to a watch list of countries it believes are taking measures to devalue their currencies against the dollar. The others on the list are China, Japan, Korea, Germany, Italy, Singapore and Malaysia.

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The U.S. Treasury report also said that India and Singapore had intervened in the foreign currency markets in a "sustained" way. The countries did not, however, meet other requirements to be named as manipulators.

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I'm Susan Shand.

重点解析

1.manipulate v.操纵

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He manipulates people and tries to bend them to his will.

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他能左右民众,让大家跟随他的意志9=btx~6nk7jn2j5QC]d

2.currency n.货币

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The country experienced a foreign currency shortage for several months.

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这个国家经历了几个月的外汇短缺-DT2V*5h+J52Efv_=A

3.sustained adj.持续的

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Every aircraft in there has sustained some damage

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那里的每架飞机都受到了一些损坏gHzEJTIfbzs]

4.surplus n.剩余

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The Army is auctioning off a lot of surplus equipment.

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陆军正在把大量剩余设备拍卖掉&KvHyAZr.%tE1Z

5.The U.S. Treasury also added Thailand and India to a watch list of countries it believes are taking measures to devalue their currencies against the dollar.

take measures to 采取措施

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We should take measures to reduce the price.

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我们应该采取各种措施来降低物价|gNcX4QnWfD(P^

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The government warned that police would take tougher measures to contain the trouble

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政府警告说,警方将采取更为强硬的措施来遏制动乱.SqufZ^=7%ZApZgWVw

6.In its currency manipulation report, the Treasury said Vietnam had acted to get "unfair competitive advantage in international trade as well."

international trade 国际贸易

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It's been a tumultuous day at the international trade negotiations in Brussels.

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那是布鲁塞尔国际贸易谈判中纷乱的一天(atFx7U[=pWUp

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West Coast Corps is a large international trade corporation.

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西海岸公司是一家大型国际贸易公司2UK~FF*qloP1Es

参考译文

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美国将瑞士和越南列为汇率操纵国

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美国财政部已正式将瑞士和越南认定为汇率操纵国[TK136y0~p573Zvw~

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当某个国家试图操纵其货币价值时,其中央银行就会大量购买本国货币;HLCv]XTHY。此举造成了稀缺性,从而推高了货币的价值)B5J26M8DV*

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美国财政部的举动可能是即将离任的美国总统特朗普政府对国际贸易伙伴的最后打击之一~-^Fphmve%|Rf*v(ua

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官员们表示,之所以点名瑞士和越南,是因为这两国都在2020年6月之前干预了外汇市场,以阻止国际收支进行有效的调整kL7#NbvUP8

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国际收支差额是指某国家向其他国家支付的总额与从其他国家收入的总额差y*Cjt@BQdQA0nP;

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美国将瑞士和越南列为汇率操纵国.jpg

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美国财政部在汇率操纵报告中表示,越南也采取了行动,以“在国际贸易中获得不公平的竞争优势”Er#GMvNw,Y@Tu)h@X

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外汇专家曾预计这两个国家将出现在报告中37CDWP0dZx@W7m5[#

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采取这些行动正值全球冠状病毒大流行继续减缓国际贸易,并增加美国对贸易伙伴的逆差之际mw4kb^+FUboy^qEn#。这激怒了特朗普,他在四年前赢得大选,部分原因是他承诺要减少赤字++uSqdvxAznj

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被称为汇率操纵国的标准是,每个国家必须对美国有200亿美元以上的贸易顺差KQ0%@-YnP)。它还必须有超过其国内生产总值(GDP) 2%的货币干预,以及超过其国内生产总值2%的全球账户盈余4U_I,WZ]PaK=o|sY

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美国财政部还将泰国和印度列入汇率监测名单,认为这两个国家正在采取措施让本币兑美元贬值Q,CgPL2xGZVbPn。名单上的其他国家包括中国、日本、韩国、德国、意大利、新加坡和马来西亚pgXo_CgHN!D]

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美国财政部的报告还称,印度和新加坡以“持续的”方式干预了外汇市场&Q9DOKUjcVQSBr%7P。然而,这些国家不符合被列为汇率操纵国的其他要求w^WVXf]l@SZUvMqE6-6Z

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译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!

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