VOA慢速英语(翻译+字幕+讲解):全球冰川以前所未有的速度融化
日期:2021-05-21 08:31

(单词翻译:单击)

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听力文本

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World’s Glaciers Melting Faster than Ever

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The world's glaciers are melting quickly.

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Scientists from the magazine Nature looked at 20 years of satellite data of the world's 220,000 mountain glaciers. They found that since 2015, glaciers have lost 298 billion metric tons of ice and snow per year. That is 31 percent more than 15 years ago, and enough ice melt to put Switzerland under 7.2 meters of water each year.

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Scientists say the melting is caused by climate change. They have long warned that warming temperatures are shrinking glaciers around the world.

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Romain Hugonnet studies glaciers at ETH Zurich and the University of Toulouse in France. He led the report. The thinning rate of glaciers is twice as high as it was 20 years ago, and "that's enormous," he said.

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Half of the world's glacier melt is in the United States and Canada.

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Alaska's melt rates are "among the highest on the planet," Hugonnet said. Alaska's Columbia Glacier is losing about 35 meters a year, he added.

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全球冰川以前所未有的速度融化.jpg

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Almost all of the world's glaciers are melting. Even glaciers that used to be solid are now melting, such as ones in Tibet.

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The melting "mirrors" the worldwide increase in temperature and is from the burning of coal, oil and gas, Hugonnet said. Some smaller glaciers are totally lost. Two years ago, scientists, activists and government officials in Iceland even held a funeral for a small glacier.

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The study is the first to use satellite images to examine all of Earth's glaciers that are not connected to ice sheets in Greenland or the Antarctic. Past studies looked at just a small number of the world's glaciers.

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Shrinking glaciers are a problem for millions of people who use regular glacial melt for drinking water. Very fast melting can also cause deadly floods in places like India, Hugonnet said.

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But the biggest threat to the world is rising sea levels. The world's oceans are already rising from climate change because water expands when it gets warmer. Glaciers are responsible for 21 percent of sea level rise. Melting ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica also cause sea level rise, but to a lesser amount.

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Mark Serreze is director of the American National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) in Colorado. He thinks "sea level rise is going to be a bigger and bigger problem as we move through the 21st century." The NSIDC was not involved in the study.

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Scientists said that it could take tens or even hundreds of years to regrow melted glaciers.

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Twila Moon studies glaciers at the NSIDC. She is not confident the glaciers can regrow, even if there is a worldwide reduction in emissions and the planet's temperature is controlled.

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"We're at a point where we're trying to keep as much ice as possible and slow that rate of loss," she said.

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I'm Bryan Lynn.

重点解析

重点讲解:
1. climate change 气候变化

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Climate change is still very much a subject for debate.

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气候变化很大程度上仍是一个争论的话题wx#l~u2#-sw%j9Jy

2. a small number of 少量的;一小部分的

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There are a small number of people involved, possibly as few as twenty.

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有一小部分人参与其中,可能只有20人4f#WBNYV-*Aw1.

3. hold a funeral for 为...举办葬礼

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A funeral will be held today for the first of five firefighters killed in the Southern California wildfire.

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今天将为南加州丧身野火的五名消防员中第一个举行葬礼x#4de6;9yu_SCC8)Fm

4. as much as possible 尽可能多地

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One of the hostess's duties is to mix with her guests as much as possible.

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女主人的任务之一就是尽可能与客人交际周旋iYm|Ah%[N%[whTAv*

参考译文

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全球冰川以前所未有的速度融化

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全球的冰川正在迅速融化t|-X(MgrT7*|Z6U

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《自然》杂志的科学家们研究了20年来全球22万座高山冰川的卫星数据3bj&3*Q_k(。他们发现,自2015年以来,全球冰川每年损失2980亿吨冰雪量UjzgMvaqkXHLwNzs。这比15年前的损失量增加了31%,而且每年的冰雪消融量足以让瑞士淹没在7.2米深的海水中F4vHfOuhC10W)

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科学家表示,冰川融化是由气候变化引起的x9aNVFY3ZBJr(c~gF。他们很早就一直警告称,全球变暖正在导致全球冰川缩减k[#zFeQ,f~V5

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罗曼·胡贡内特(Romain Hugonnet)在苏黎世联邦理工学院和法国图卢兹大学研究冰川9dLW(7A]^]Ad~N。他领导了这份研究报告;0gh.1RFenDt5exFnK7.。冰川缩减的速度是20年前的两倍,“这一体量是巨大的,”他说道dzq.r!c8u75Dmm

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全球一半的冰川消融发生在美国和加拿大m+,AhC%lRh!-@*+

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胡贡内特表示,阿拉斯加的冰川融化速度是“地球上最高的”2tH1Uoc@Tj*d。他补充说,阿拉斯加的哥伦比亚冰川正在以每年约35米的速度消融0Q!4Pik83GZknT3

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世界上几乎所有的冰川都在融化Nkc|!cR7pA~。即使是曾经坚硬的冰川现在也在融化,比如西藏的冰川n+4xJ^Af5Vn8h3r

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胡贡内特称,冰川融化“反映”了全球温度的上升,这是由煤炭、石油和天然气的燃烧造成的VuQoO@lv=_Cksj@。一些较小的冰川完全消失了c&4WSD]Wee#whb]_。两年前,冰岛的科学家、活动人士和政府官员甚至为一座小冰川举行了葬礼Ih0rCFmv,GXhptt

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这项研究首次使用卫星图像来检测地球上所有与格陵兰岛或南极冰盖无关的冰川x7#[,G6dqCu。过去的研究只关注了世界上的一小部分冰川un|+E7k;LGsJ47~

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对于数百万的人来说,冰川的缩减是一个问题,他们依赖冰川融水作为饮用水AaE*hoYg%%tbn。胡贡内特说,冰川的快速融化也会导致印度等地爆发致命的洪水MR2JLGP^Dhr&!v_IXs

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但是对全球而言,最大的威胁是海平面的上升hg[F-7qZAB3e5UfNl。由于气候变化,全球海洋的海平面已经在上升,因为海水变暖时会膨胀j8fAz2h%+ZHmyZDpl。海平面上升21%的原因是由冰川造成的vLd^4g18]fUd]-。格陵兰岛和南极洲冰盖的融化也会导致海平面上升,但占比较小7vT9ND3t2o@~

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马克·塞雷泽(Mark Serreze)是科罗拉多州美国国家冰雪数据中心(NSIDC)的主任82gDNtpQJpXAFyNwt(。他认为,“随着人类步入21世纪,海平面上升将成为一个日益严重的问题YHLr2OV3+D@VL%]。”该机构没有参与这项研究xkt5%T@leg

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科学家们表示,已经融化的冰川可能需要数十年甚至数百年才能复原KJX5olQQmkrod^8(w_Z

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Twila Moon在美国国家冰雪数据中心研究冰川q1%u^Dc7St|j+U。即使全球范围内(碳)排放减少,地球温度得到控制,她也不相信冰川能够复原h=-(iegGs2Ogx

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她说:“我们正试图尽可能多地留住更多冰川,并减缓冰川的流失速度|(&;Sh@ct)^X^5Q。”

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布莱恩·林恩为您播报s(BmWTA_g#+^1rs

译文为可可英语翻译,未经授权请勿转载!

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