第268句 火山
Unlike most of the world's volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth's surface; on the contrary, many of them Lie deep in the interior of a plate.
译文：与世界上大多数火山不同的是，它们并不总是位于构成地球表面的巨大漂流板块的边缘；相反，许多热点处于板块较深的内部。
点睛：本句是由分号隔开的两个并列的分句。第一个分句的主干为…they are not always found…，其句首的介词短语unlike most of the world's volcanoes修饰主语they，在plates的后面有一个定语从句that make up the earth's surface；第二个分句的主干是many of them lie deep...，句首的∞the contrary表明与前面的情况形成对比。注意，them指的是前文所说的hot spots。drifting意为“漂流的，漂动的”。make up在本句中指“构成”。interior可作名词或形容词，有“内在（的），内部（的）”的意思。
考点归纳：注意on the contrary，to the contrary，contrary to和be contrary to的区别及用法。
*on the contrary指“恰恰相反”，表示完全不赞同别人的观点，一般放在句首。
You're quite free now,l think.
我想你现在一定很闲。
On the contrary,I have tons of things to do!
正相反，我有一大堆事要做！
*to the contrary指“意思相反的，完全不同的”。侧重于对事物的评判，在句子中景于被评判的事物之后。
We knew nothing to the contrary.
当时我们不知道任何相反的情况。
You may be right; there’s no evidence to the contrary.
你也许是对的，因为没有相反的证据证明你不对。
Indeed, the most ample evidence to the contrary has all the while existed and been open to their inspection.
说实在的，大量相反的证据倒是一直存在，并随时可议供他们检查的。
*contrary to…“与…完全相反的；对抗的”，在句中作状语，在contrary to的后面加上与之相反的事物。contrary to可放在句首，也可放在句中。
He passed the examination, contrary to what I expected.
他考试通过了，和我预料的情况相反。
Contrary to all advice he gave up his job and left for the south.
他不听任何劝告，放弃了工作，去了南方。
*be contrary to“与…相反的；别扭的；固执的”，这里contrary为形容词。
Mrs. Smith is too contrary to make friends easily.
史密斯太太过于固执而不易交朋友。
He is an awkward,contrary child.
他是个又麻烦又不听话的孩子。