(单词翻译:单击)
中英文本
The rise of identity politics since the 1960s has put additional strain on such systems of classification. Statistical data is only credible if people will accept the limited range of demographic categories that are on offer, which are selected by the expert not the respondent. But where identity becomes a political issue, people demand to define themselves on their own terms, where gender, sexuality, race or class is concerned.
20世纪60年代之后身份政治的兴起给这种分类体系带来了额外的压力
Opinion polling may be suffering for similar reasons. Polls have traditionally captured people's attitudes and preferences, on the reasonable assumption that people will behave accordingly. But in an age of declining political participation, it is not enough simply to know which box someone would prefer to put an "X" in. One also needs to know whether they feel strongly enough about doing so to bother. And when it comes to capturing such fluctuations in emotional intensity, polling is a clumsy tool.
民意调查也可能因为类似的原因而受到影响
Statistics have faced criticism regularly over their long history. The challenges that identity politics and globalisation present to them are not new either. Why then do the events of the past year feel quite so damaging to the ideal of quantitative expertise and its role in political debate?
统计数据在其漫长的历史中经常受到批评,身份政治和全球化给其带来的挑战也已司空见惯
In recent years, a new way of quantifying and visualising populations has emerged that potentially pushes statistics to the margins, ushering in a different era altogether. Statistics, collected and compiled by technical experts, are giving way to data that accumulates by default, as a consequence of sweeping digitisation. Traditionally, statisticians have known which questions they wanted to ask regarding which population, then set out to answer them. By contrast, data is automatically produced whenever we swipe a loyalty card, comment on Facebook or search for something on Google. As our cities, cars, homes and household objects become digitally connected, the amount of data we leave in our trail will grow even greater. In this new world, data is captured first and research questions come later.
近年来出现了一种量化和可视化人口的新方法,这种方法有可能将数据推向边缘,从而开创一个完全不同的时代
词语解释
1.opinion polling 民意调查
He now oversees the party's opinion polling and campaigning in target seats.
现在他负责监督党内的民意测验以及针对目标席位的竞选活动
2.as a consequence of 由于
Deflation is a real possibility in 2009 as a consequence of a global recession.
2009年,由于全球经济衰退,通货紧缩成为一种现实的可能
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