(单词翻译:单击)
中英文本
The critical question, as the journalist and historian Charles C Mann has elegantly put it, "is whether (sugar) is actually an addictive substance, or if people just act like it is". This question is not easy to answer. Certainly, people and populations have acted as though sugar is addictive, but science provides no definitive evidence. Until recently, nutritionists studying sugar did so from the natural perspective of viewing it as a nutrient – a carbohydrate – and nothing more. They occasionally argued about whether or not it might play a role in diabetes or heart disease, but not about whether it triggered a response in the brain or body that made us want to consume it in excess. That was not their area of interest.
正如记者兼历史学家查尔斯·C·曼恩优雅说过的那句优美的话:“问题的关键是,糖真的是一种会令人上瘾的物质还是人们在假装上瘾?”这个问题不好回答
The few neurologists and psychologists interested in probing the sweet-tooth phenomenon, or why we might need to ration our sugar consumption so as not to eat too much of it, did so typically from the perspective of how these sugars compared with other drugs of abuse, in which the mechanism of addiction is now relatively well understood. Lately, this comparison has received more attention as the public-health community has looked to ration our sugar consumption as a population, and has thus considered the possibility that one way to regulate these sugars – as with cigarettes – is to establish that they are, indeed, addictive. These sugars are very probably unique in that they are both a nutrient and a psychoactive substance with some addictive characteristics.
有少数对探究甜食现象或者对“为何我们需要摄入定量的糖以免摄入太多”感兴趣的神经学家和心理学家们通常是从糖与其他滥用药物作对比的角度来研究的,如今人们对成瘾的机制已经了解得比较清楚了
Historians have often considered the sugar-as-a-drug metaphor to be an apt one. "That sugars, particularly highly refined sucrose, produce peculiar physiological effects is well known," wrote Sidney Mintz, whose 1985 book Sweetness and Power is one of two seminal English-language histories of sugar. But these effects are neither as visible nor as long-lasting as those of alcohol or caffeinated drinks, "the first use of which can trigger rapid changes in respiration, heartbeat, skin colour and so on".
历史学家们通常认为“糖就像毒品”的比喻是恰当的
词语解释
1.trigger 引起
Stress may act as a trigger for these illnesses.
压力也许是引发这些疾病的一个原因
2.metaphor 隐喻
In poetry the rose is often a metaphor for love.
诗歌中常用玫瑰花来隐喻爱情
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